When was california added to the union

But at Sutter's Fort, life on the frontier continued with rhythm of the seasons and arrival of new soldiers. The town was founded by John Sutter, Jr. Sutter Sr. Indeed, every hundred years or so, the whole Great Valley from Chico to Bakersfield, was one great freshwater sea. However, lots were already sold, so there the town of Sacramento stayed.

At the end of the century, the streets were raised a full story, so buildings in Old Town Sacramento are now entered through what were once doors to the balconies shading the sidewalks below. Archimedes, the famed Greek mathematician, is said to have exclaimed "Eureka" when, after long study, he discovered a method of determining the purity of gold.

Thus, from almost the beginning of the century, there had been maintained in the National Senate an equality of state representation between North and South. After the admission of Texas in there were twenty-eight states, in fifteen of which slavery existed, but the admission of Iowa in and Wisconsin in restored the numerical equality between free and slave states.

In the meantime California was rapidly developing, and, complaining at the absence of civil organization, she clamored more and more loudly for organized government. What disposition was to be made of California was a question that possessed an absorbing interest.

The acquisition of the vast province of California was a chief act in the drama of our war with Mexico, an act whose national and political import was fraught with profound significance. The Mexican war, far from being the result of a sudden movement, had been more or less distinctly anticipated, at least since the declaration of independence of Texas in The friends of slavery extension viewed with real alarm the rapidly growing population and the marvelously expanding industry of their North.

Their alarm was fast being transformed into desperation as it became clearer and clearer from a mere glance at the map that the vast Louisiana purchase and the Oregon country offered indefinite fields for freedom, but furnished scanty hope for slavery. Besides, the Missouri compromise looked most forbidding.

The Southern leaders felt, and felt deeply, that something drastic must be done, for they never would admit the predominance of the North. By virtue of the abolition of slavery throughout the republic of Mexico in the province of California fell into the possession of the United States with no taint of that institution, and the express prohibitive law was an inherent obstacle at the very threshold of the desire of the South. Moreover, grave difficulties must need to be settled before slavery could be introduced into California.

If the Missouri compromise were to be made applicable to the newly acquired territory the spoils of the Mexican war must at least be divided on the parallel of 36 degrees 30 minutes. While the national issue was yet seeking clear definition the question of slavery in California settled itself with astonishing rapidity by sheer force of local conditions that were wholly without precedent. It was observed that neither the soil, nor the climate, nor the products of any portion of California were adapted to slave labor, and that property in slaves would be utterly insecure here.

The contemporaneous press reflects the views of the more intelligent Americans in California. First, it is wrong for it to exist anywhere. Second, not a single instance of precedence exists at present in the shape of physical bondage of our fellow men. Third, there is no excuse whatever for its introduction into this country by virtue of climate or physical conditions.

Fourth, Negroes have equal rights to life, liberty, health and happiness with the whites. Sixth, it would be the greatest calamity that the power of the United States could inflict upon California. Seventh, we desire only a white population in California. It would make it disreputable for the white man to labor for his bread, and it would thus drive off to other homes the only class of emigrants California wishes to see, the sober and industrious middle-class of society.

We would, therefore, on the part of 90 per cent of the population of this country, most solemnly protest against the introducing of this blight upon the prosperity of the home of our adoption. We should look upon it as an unnecessary moral, intellectual and social curse to ourselves and posterity. Self-preservation is the first law of nature.

That is the upshot of the whole business. Sergeant Duane D. On September 9, , Alice B. Toklas becomes the lifetime house mate of avant-garde writer Gertrude Stein. Stein, who shared a house with her brother Leo for many years, met Toklas in Toklas began staying with Stein and Leo in Paris in , then moved in permanently in Audiences at the Fox Theater in Riverside, California, get a surprise showing of Gone with the Wind, which the theater manager shows as a second feature.

Producer David O. Selznick sat in the back and observed the audience reaction to his highly anticipated—and highly The infamous Boston Police Strike of begins, causing an uproar around the nation and confirming the growing influence of unions on American life. As society changed in the 20th century, police were expected to act more professionally. Some of their previous practices were